Izinaliti zegazi zingahlukaniswa:

1. Inaliti yokuqongelela igazi engene ngaphansi: inaliti eyakhiwe ngokuthathu edonsa nenalithi eqinile yensimbi; I-Pierce isikhumba se-distal noma isikhumba sezimpande sonyawo lomntwana ukuthola umkhondo wegazi. Amaseli wegazi nokuhlolwa kwe-biochemical, i-histological, i-microbiological, virological, kanye ne-genetic; Kuyinto ehlukahlukene. Ngokuthandwa kakhulu kwamathuluzi wokuthola nezindlela zanamuhla. Yande kakhulu kangangokuba kancane kancane izobuyisela okunye ukuhlolwa kokuqoqeka kwegazi venous.

2. Inaliti yesampula yegazi ye-Vein: qala indawo phakathi kwemithambo ye-vein yomuntu nezwe langaphandle ngokusebenzisa indlela yokungenela, bese uqoqa amasampula egazi nge-isampula yengcindezi yesampuli engakhi (yezinto ezihlukile zokuhlola, isampula lengxenye yesampula yengcindezi enezincazelo ezihlukile - izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene zihleliwe esitsheni ukuqedela isenzo sokuqala sosampunge); Isibonelo, i-anticoagulation, ukwanda ngokushesha, njll; Ngokwesakhiwo, izinaliti zokuqoqa igazi zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: izinaliti zokuqoqa igazi nezinaliti nezinhlobo zokuqhekeka kwegazi. Kwangaphandle ukuphathwa ngenaliti esetshenziselwa ipeni, izwekazi lokuhlukanisa - uhlobo.

3. Inalithi yesampula ye-Artery: Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, kuyindlela yokuhlinza i-artery, imithambo yegazi ye-artery kanye nomshini wayo wokubopha uqediwe endaweni evaliwe; Ngokombono wesakhiwo, iyi-syringe ephelele ene-sealant block, evala ikhanda lenaliti ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa. Ukugcina igazi elengezwani lazo zonke izinhlobo zokuncibilika kokunye okuqukethwe alishintshi. Njengokuhlaziywa kwegesi yegazi, ukuqonda umsebenzi we-cardiopulmonary.

Ukusuka kokuqonda okungenhla, ungasho ngokunembile, ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani inaliti yegazi:

1, izinaliti zokuqoqa igazi ezi-subcutaneous: ngemuva kokuhlafunwa isikhumba ukungasebenzi gciwane, iminwe ibamba inaliti yokuqongelela igazi ingene ezicutshini ezifiphele, ukujula okuphakathi kuka-1-3 mm (ngokuya ngeminyaka yeziguli, isikhumba nezicubu), bese usebenzisa umunwe fafaza indawo ebekiwe, unwebe ithonsi legazi (lingashayeki), ukusetshenziswa kwengcindezi yokudonsa okungekuhle kwengcindezi, bese udluliselwa kuthuluzi lokuhlola noma umdwebo we-slide pool blade coating, ukuhlolwa kokudaya; Ekusetshenzisweni, qaphela: umuntu oyedwa, inaliti eyodwa, ukubulala magciwane eyodwa, ukulahla imfucuza okukodwa;

2. Inaliti yesampula ye-venous ye-venous: khetha umthambo ofanelekayo ongaphezulu wokubulala amagciwane endawo; Bopha ibhande lengcindezelo (inothi: akusona isiqu somqhudelwano, futhi akusona ibhande lokushayela ngegazi); Ngokweminyaka yesiguli kanye nenani lezinhlobo eziqoqiwe, kukhethwe izinaliti ezihlukile zokusampula igazi:(kufanele kukhethwe izinaliti ezisebenza ngopeni uma inani lingaphansi kwenjhubhu eyodwa noma ezintathu); Abantu abadala, izingane azibambisani noma imithambo yegazi emincane, zingakhetha isimo sokuqhekeka; Ububanzi bezinalithi zenalithi yesampula yegazi ngeke bube ngaphansi kwama-0.7mm, ngaphandle kwalokho amaseli wegazi azoqhekeka kalula bese kuthi “i-hemolysis” ivele. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, inaliti kufanele ilahlwe ebhokisini elikhethekile lokulahlwa kukadoti. Yenza ngokuphelele: umuntu oyedwa, inaliti, ukungasebenzi magciwane, ukulahla imfucuza;

3. Inalithi yesampula ye-arterial blood sample: (kufanele kube yithuluzi lokuhlola amasampula egazi): ukubulala amagciwane ngokuqinile kusho futhi ukubulala ngokungemthetho; Lungisa futhi ucindezele izinto zokugqoka; Ngemuva kokubhoboza i-artery okuphumelelayo, ipiston yesirinji izophindiselwa emuva ngumfutho we-artery, futhi igazi lezilwane lizophela ngokushesha, njengesilinda sesirinji; Ngemuva kokuthola umthamo obekwe kusengaphambili, inaliti yokubhoboza yakhishwa masinyane kwathi ukubhoboza okungelona iqiniso kwafakwa ingcindezi yokuvimba ukopha. Masinyane ngemuva kokudonsa inaliti, faka inalithi ku-sealant. Ngemuva kwalokho isampula yegazi elivela emuva yathunyelwa egumbini lokuhlolwa ukuze lihlolwe ngokushesha.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-12-2020